Final Exam Study Guide

1. to get to server drives:  just double-click "server drive" on the desktop; to get to my folder:  go to student ID drive and click the "photoj" folder
2. blogger.com is used to publish posts that the teacher assigned us
3. you need an oatmeal can: you fill it with black paper in order to be able not to let light inside the cylinder, you do a little tiny hole in the outside and you cover it with cardboard
4. You need to put a picture paper(?) inside and then you let the light in by lifting the cardboard for few seconds( depend on the brightness of the place where you are taking the picture)
5. a)Divide the picture in 9 squares:  the subject must not be in the center square

          b)At least two subjects must be in the picture:  they are similar but they are in two different parts of the           picture in order to balance it.
          c)Lines are part of the picture and they lead our eyes to the subject of the picture
          d)The same image is repeated, but backwards
          e)The photographer takes a picture from a different point of view ( either below the subject or above)
          f)There's a background that doesn't interfere with the subject
          g)You need to use elements in the background "walk out the picture"
          h)Using borders or objects to include the subject in a specific frame
          i)Zoom almost 100% on the subject
          j)Avoiding non influential staff in your picture
      6. All pictures can tell a story because most of the time they represent situations, actions that you can easily describe in words
      7.  Multimedia is the big group of instruments that help us know what is going on in the world and that do many other things( some time they broadcast ridiculous programs):  I'm talking about TVs, Radio, Internet..
      8.  You should write two sentences: the first one must be in the present tense and must tell what is happening in the picture; the second sentence should describe the background( use a past tense)
      9.  They make us understand the picture easily
     10. 

Choice Sheets

Yearbooks around the country:

Westlake High School, Austin, TX








Newspapers around the country:
http://my.hsj.org/Schools/Newspaper/tabid/100/view/frontpage/newspaperid/3208/Default.aspx

Abandoned Theme Park

1. I would like to go to Shidaka's Utopia,Japan because I'm fascinated by the Japanese architecture and I will be able to take pictures of parts of the abandoned park including the unique houses in the background.Since there's a House of Horror, I would take pics of the monsters sitting in a decay. I should go in a day that is kind of foggy to give better an idea of terror and decay.

2.That's the House of Terror

    3.  Unusual places:

• fish market
• The TUBE in london
• a pub
• in top of a building so that you have an interesting point of view
• inside a wreck

    4.  Pub:

5.  I would go to Ireland, the "home" of pubs, to document how people after they get off work go to the nearest pub to drink a beer with work mates and reflect on what they have to do the next day.
Is a really interesting place because people expressing their-selves in a real life situation: People chatting, laughing, drinking... I think it would be a great unusual place to take pictures.
6.  Flying from Italy, it would be cheap to go Ireland especially with companies like RYAN AIR: you can get 2 tickets for less than 200 euro.
I would bring with me my camera and all the stuff that I need to take pictures.
I'll probably stay in a Hotel downtown, to be able to move without riding a bus or a taxi.
I'm not really sure if I can take pictures in a Pub without permission, but I would definitely ask to the owner of the Pub If I would be able to that.

Portraits and Self-Portraits

Self-portrait:

I think this is one of the most powerful self-portrait, if not THE ONE, because all the repetition of his face in different squares gives him the opportunity to pose and taking many pictures in just one.
I really like the idea of "copying" the Beatles's album cover and I think he did a great job.

Portrait:

This is one of my favorite portraits because is very efficient and simple.
It gives perfectly the IDEA of a portrait because only their upper body is in the picture.
The crossed arms are very artistic.
I like the picture because the black on the background mixes with the black of the dude's t-shirts and so their face and their crossed arms look like a skull and crossbones.





I really like the Portrait style because I will be more free to capture more persons in one picture and it is helpful because I can come up with more ideas.
I would like to emulate Seliger's feature to put in contrast the subject with the background as in the picture above.

My First Print

• Everything is quite in focus because I can read the letters on the t-shirt and on the glasses.
• There a great contrast between the t-shirt of the guy on the left,( the letters and the rest of the t- shirt) the sheet of paper and the the other guy, and the lockers with the white wall.
• The only aspect that I did wrong is the center of the picture: I should had put the center a little bit more to the right because the dude's arm on the left is cut and I should had included it in the pic.
• There are no yellowing or spots on the picture.
• Everything is in my folder.

CAPTION:

• Marcos Rivera and Hector Chavez.
• Reading a sheet of paper.
• They are down the hall.
• During 3rd period.
• because thay had to meet somewhere and they didn't know how to get there.

1ST SENTENCE: Marcos Rivera and Hector Chavez are reading a sheet of paper in front of Mr. Reeves's class in 3rd period, because they have to meet somewhere but they don't know how to get there.
2ND SENTENCE: In the background there were only the students lockers

Making a Black and White Print

1)Material needed:

Timers

Drying Cabinets

Tongs Or Spatula

Enlargers

Focusing Aids

Safelights

2)Chemicals needed:Developer, Stop Bath, Fixer

Developing the Print

1

Place the exposed print paper in the developer tray. (Time varies by paper type. Resin-coated paper stays in the developer 1 minute, while fiber-based paper stays in for 2 or more minutes.)

2

Take the paper out of the developer with tongs. Let all excess liquid drain off of the paper before placing it in the stop bath tray.

3

Place in stop bath tray, leaving resin-coated paper in the stop bath for 15 seconds and fiber-based paper for 30 seconds.

4

Take paper out of the stop bath and place in fixer for 1 to 2 minutes for resin-coated paper and 2 to 10 minutes for fiber-based paper.

5

Remove from fixer and place in wash for 2 to 5 minutes when using resin-coated paper and 30 to 60 minutes when using fiber-based paper.

6

Take out of wash and place on drying cabinet.

DEFINITIONS:

• EMULSION:A suspension of small globules of one liquid in a second liquid with which the first will not mix

• APERTURE:defines the size of the opening in the lens, which in advanced cameras can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor (CCD or CMOS).

• MASKING EASEL:a stand or frame for supporting or displaying at an angle

• EXPOSURE:the total amount of light allowed to fall on the photographic medium (photographic film or image sensor)

• SAFE LIGHT:a light source suitable for use in a photographic darkroom. It provides illumination without the wavelengths of the light spectrum

• DODGING: decreases the exposure for areas of the print that the photographer wishes to be lighter

• BURNING increases the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker.

Ethics in fashion photography

1. Her Acne disappeared, her eyes are brighter and bigger, her nose is thinner, the hair changed completely and they lifted her neck a lot.
2. I think it is not acceptable, at least as crazy as they are doing it.Everybody should appear like they really are.
3. Not really, because this manipulation is unacceptable for me.
4. (see number 2)
5. Fashino photography distorts the reality( talkin about fashion) . Also photojournalism documents real facts that happened, like a newspaper, instead fashion photography is just about beauty.
6. Starting from what I said in number 5, fashion photography has to represent the real beauty, that you can't found in nature, so they use photo shop or whatever to adapt it. However, photojournalism is about real stories, events, tragedies and atrocities so they represent the reality as it is.

Negatives Evaluation

1. I think most of my pictures turned out well.
2. One of the picture will not turn out well because is too bright:that happened because it had been over exposed to the light.
3. There is one picture(10) that is going to turn out well because the picture is well taken and the colors in the Negative don't seem to be neither too dark nor too bright. The focus is also good because there aren't round shapes.
4. (see number 3)
5. I used the rule "Point of View": instead of shooting the subject from a 180 degrees angle, i was on my knees taking the picture from a lower point.

Photo Manipulation and Ethics

A)This story talks about what happened to many photographers that after taking pictures they modified the content in order to obtain something back(powerful images,..): as a result most of the photographers were fired!
B)I think this is unacceptable because  they make up reality to obtain success and money.
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B)I think this is least unethical photo manipulation because they adapted a landscape to fit it in the picture, is not like manipulate pictures in war time like the one below.














A)this picture is really unethical because they changed the motion of the soldier making him trying to stop the father with his baby; by doing that the soldier seems to be an hostile to them.However, in the real pictures that had been taken the soldier is just looking if there are some hostilities around the people, so basically is trying to defend them.
What they did is unacceptable because they turned "good" into "evil", and those manipulations must be punished

Drug Cartels in Mexico

What Mexico's government is trying to do is brave but I think it is not the solution to the problem:

• "The cartels kill indiscriminately," 

• "The violence that has gripped what many call the most deadly city in the Western Hemisphere".

Ciudad Juarez is described as one of the most dangerous cities in the world, so Mexico is not the only country that can face these criminals because, as everybody knows, many mexican deputies or senators are involved in criminal facts. As a matter of fact CNN showed an article saying that the 28% of mexican represenatives are corrupted.
I must say that The United States have to fight along mexicans against cartels, not just because what drug dealers are doing is unacceptable, but also because many drugs that you can buy in The States come from Mexico and also because they are killing Americans( two students of the University of Texas at El Paso)
United States will not only terminate the drug cartel criminality but also they will contribute to the security of american citizens.


The picture that I liked the most is the one showing an abandoned car sitting in the Mexican desert outside Juarez, Mexico, with doors and trunk wide open. Under a blanket in the trunk is a body. Hands tied together. A bullet in the head.
The photographer took a Black&White picture using the Rule of Thirds since the car, the subject, is on the upper square of the picture; I would say that he used the Leading Lines Rule too, because there are lines such as the shadows of the car and the interiors.
I chose this picture as my favorite because I think it better describes the violence that the citizens of Juarez are facing: their relatives could be kidnapped and killed at anytime. EVERYBODY IS IN DANGER

Post Shoot Reflection

1)    The most difficult part of taking picture for me is to success in focus only what you want to take the picture of: many times you include objects or part of a body that you didn't mean to include and the result could be a picture with spare objects.I dealt with that just trying to focus my attention on my subject avoiding mergers
2-3) I tried in the majority of my picture to apply the Rule Of Thirds so I had hard times trying to fit my subject in the picture, because I was taking the picture from too close.Once I took a picture of a guy reading a poster; the subject was relativelly big for the position I was taking the picture from( I was too close and I needed to take the pic from another point of view).So I shoot the pic from an higher spot just by elevating the camera in top of the boy.
4)     I will not stand too close from my subject and I'll focus not to insert mergers in the picture.

American Soldier Slideshow

A. I think that the most impressive picture of the slides is the one of the soldier sitting on a bench in Iraq: be there for a year or more fighting for a cause that doesn't belong to you is very hard and those soldier found the time to read newspapers..
B. The most powerful sequence is "Life In Iraq": it shows how tough is Soldier's life at the front helping people and fighting the "terrorists"
C. Those are sequences so the images are related by a fact or a subject (exc), so our attention is always focused on what is going on in Iraq and more
3)
A. The tense used for the captions is the simple present
B. The captions solve all our doubts about what is going on in the picture by describing accurately the subject,the background (ext)

Processing Black and White Photos

Here is what you should have:

• black and white film that has been exposed;
• complete darkness;
• a dry counter top;
• a bottle cap opener to open the 35 mm film cartridge;
• scissors;
• a film developing tank;
• reels that fit into the tank (one per roll of film);
• film processing chemicals - developer and fixer;
• optional chemicals (recommended) - stop bath, hypo clearing agent and wetting agent;
• a container in which chemicals can be mixed;
• a stirring rod to mix chemicals;
• a graduated beaker for measuring amounts of chemicals;
• chemical storage bottles;
• a darkroom thermometer;
• a timer (a stopwatch will do);
• a funnel;
• running water that can be maintained at a constant temperature;
• a washing hose;
• a sponge squeegee to remove water from the film (not essential, but helpful);
• clips for hanging negatives; and
• a dust-free location to hang the film to dry.

PROCESS:
In modern automatic processing machines, this step is replaced by mechanical squeegee or pinching rollers. These treatments remove much of the carried-over alkaline developer, and the acid, when used, neutralizes the alkalinity to reduce the contamination of the fixing bath with the developer.

• The fixer makes the image permanent and light-resistant by dissolving any remaining silver halide salts. Fixer is sometimes called hypo, a misnomer originating from casually shortened form of the alchemist's name hyposulphite. Neither hyposulphite, hyposulfite, nor hypo is used to mean thiosulfate in modern chemistry.^[2]

• Washing in clean water removes any remaining fixer. Residual fixer can corrode the silver image, leading to discolouration, staining and fading. The washing time can be reduced and the fixer more completely removed if a hypo clearing agent is used after the fixer.

• Film may be rinsed in a dilute solution of a non-ionic wetting agent to assist uniform drying, which eliminates drying marks caused by hard water. (In very hard water areas, a pre-rinse in distilled water may be required - otherwise the final rinse wetting agent can cause residual ionic calcium on the film to drop out of solution, causing spotting on the negative.)

• Film is then dried in a dust-free environment, cut and placed into protective sleeves.

• Once the film is processed, it is then referred to as a negative. The next step in photographic processing is to enlarge the negative.

• The negative will be placed in an enlarger and mirrored onto a sheet of photo paper. There are many different techniques that can be used during the enlargement process. Two examples of enlargement techniques are dodging and burning.

Black and white reversal processing

This process has three additional stages:

1. Following the stop bath, the film is bleached to remove the developed negative image. The film then contains a latent positive image formed from unexposed and undeveloped silver halide salts.
2. The film is fogged, either chemically or by exposure to light.
3. The remaining silver halide salts are developed in the second developer, converting them into a positive image.
4. Finally, the film is fixed, washed, dried and cut.

(you need a dark room to develop the B&W film)

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• Agitation: Gentle movement of liquid photo-processing chemicals (developer, stop-bath, fixer) during processing of film or paper in order to achieve uniform results
• Enlarger: a specialized transparency projector used to produce photographic prints from film or glass negatives using the gelatin-silver process, or transparencies.
• Developer: a chemical that makes the latent image on the film or print visible.
• Stop Bath: Stop bath is a chemical bath usually used in processing traditional black-and-white photographic films, plates, and paper used after the material has finished developing. The purpose of the stop bath is to halt the development of the film, plate, or paper by either washing off the developing chemical or neutralizing it. With the former, a simple water rinse can be used between developer and fixer, but the development process continues (though possibly at a very low level) for an indefinite and uncontrolled period of time during the rinsing.
• Fixer: The fixer stabilises the image, removing the unexposed silver halide remaining on the Photographic film or photographic paper, leaving behind the reduced metallic silver that forms the image, making it insensitive to further action by light

 

REPETITION

Quite A Sight
Models pose in their underwear to celebrate "Brazilian Underwear Day" at a bus station in Brasilia.

Another example of repetition:the crowd is "aligned",guiding our eyes to the upper steps!

REPETITION

Waiting in Hope
People in Port-au-Prince watch as a French rescue team searches for a survivor. The team was called in after neighbors said they heard a voice from the rubble. They found no signs of life.

That's another example of REPETITION because we can see a line of people staring at the same spot and our eyes are guided to the end of this line.

REPETITION

Doe-Eyed
Lisa Simpson appears on television screens on a new Singapore Airlines Airbus A380 after its inaugural passenger flight from Singapore to Sydney, Australia
This picture is a great example of repetition because the character of the Simpson appears in all the television screens and the seats are a repetition themselves:our;s eyes are guided from the first row of seats to the one in the end

Funny Captions-LUXURY DOG HOUSE-

This picture shows a dog living a tough life,he has no house nobody takes care of him,YEAH RIGHT!
his dog house is in the owners' yard;it's a luxury dog house.
in the background there's a big house,the dog's owners house

Funny Captions-LEGO CAR-

At the last automobile showroom in Ginevra(Switzerland), the German car producer company VOLVO released the new Volvo XC-90.NOW LOOK AT THAT: A Lego car, that is awesome,just try to think how many pieces did they use to create this real looking car!!
this is what photographers in the background are shooting to!

Funny Captions-GIANT TREE-

The Firemen of Denver Colorado had to cut this big tree to let cars go through it( it happened 2 week ago after a landslide),this Giant tree cannot be removed so the authorities opted for this decision.
This picture has been shot in the Colorado forest as you can see by the pines in the background.

Marlboro Marine

2.
A.Luis Sinco was able to integrate photography, editing and audio in a same slide-show, so the result is a great presentation of what soldier Miller faced in the saddest period of his life.


3.
A.The most powerful image of the slide-show is the featured photo of the marine smoking a Marlboro red;his face is dirty and it gives us the impression of how much do the soldier suffer in Iraq fighting for a cause for that they shouldn't fight..
B.the most powerful sequence is the one that represent the moment in which he wanted to suicide because it gives us the feeling of how he was depressed
C.the audio it's a fundamental part of the slide-show because it accompanies successfully the photos so that not only the eyes of the viewer are entertained, but the ears too.

Contest Preview 2

I think that picture is interesting because this singer rides a space bubble over the fans: funny and dangerous at the same time

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http://photoblog.statesman.com/2010/07: this link is for the ClarinetFest that occurred in Austin during July 2010.
Hundreds of clarinetists from around the world gathered in Austin for ClarinetFest. It sounded cacophonous at times, but it also sounded like a great opportunity to produce an audio slideshow

Contest Preview

PIEA

This image represent a huge roller coaster  preceded by a sign that says: "DANGER,KEEP OUT"!

It gives you the idea that this is going to be the last thing that you are going to do in your life.

The picture is taken from below, so the viewpoint emphasize the subject of the picture; we can mention the Leading Lines rule of photography too: the fence seems to surround  the ride, but his vertical lines put our focus into the roller coaster.

The background is an essential part of the picture: looks like a cloudy night when the devil would come out from the bowels of the Earth to spread the evil.

Great Black & White photographer Part 3

• I see a beautiful woman looking elsewhere.Her hair is combed back, showing her perfect shaped forehead.Her look is enchanting, everyone will fall in love if they accidentally establish  eye-contact with her.Her mouth it's unbelievably perfect, you wish you could bite her lips
• I smell woman perfume, sweet and bitter at the same time, because perfection is just an invisible equilibrium.her smell diffuses in the whole room where Newman is taking the picture;the photographer hardly resist to his tempation
• I hear chill music in the background, the music playing while you are taking a massage kind of
• I taste strawberry and chocolate, food of passion

 

• I see Albert Einstein, the most famous scientist in the world, the one that discovered the formula e=MC2(Espana=MuchoCalor2) doing a crazy pose:He is showing his tongue to Arnold Newman.It is funny to see that even the one that you think be the most intelligent person on Earth can dedicate himself to a photographer that wants to portray him doing a crazy face
• I smell an old perfume that reminds me of memories like my grandma cooking..I smell this because Albert Einstein lived during the twentieth century
• I hear noise in the background, like a train leaving the station or an airplane taking off. I hear that because I think Arnold Newman took this portrait in a abandoned building close to a train station or to an airport
• I taste a good banana split, because the black & white picture reminds me of the 1950s,where people really liked to eat banana split in restaurants.I think Albert Einstein ate tons of those desserts, because when he was done answering scientific questions that nobody answered before, he would go to a fast food or to a restaurants to taste the unbelievable taste of banana and chocolate mixed together
• I feel realized looking at this pic because Albert Einstein, which all of us know what he did and what he discovered, it's showing his tongue to a professional photographer, that is gonna publish in some important magazine: that means that you can do whatever you want after you achieve your goals in your life,especially if those discoveries are going to change the way we think and the way we live.

Filling the Frame

This is a great example of "filling the Frame", because the etes of the viewer go straight to the subject of the picture, the guy making the chemical compund fall into an other container.

Action and Emotion

This picture shows the hard work of this guy creating a beautiful portrait of the Statue of Liberty.
The Statue seems to go out the picture and seems to say :I represent the LIberty; it makes me feel safe.
For me this is a great example of Action and Emotion

The Story

This volunteer is helping a little Guatemalan girl. She seems confused and probably she suffered in her short life.
By helping the child, this guy is useful to the community of less fortunate

Hurricane Ike

This picture showing the destructive force of hurricane Ike, follows the rule of "sense of  depth".

I picked this picture because the damages of Ike in this picture are show clearly: woods, boats.. rely on the path of the highway, that means that the strong winds or the water brought those pieces onto the highway

The rule of "leading lines" dominates this picture,as a matter of fact the subject of this photo is the building that has manny lines in his structure.
I chose this picture because it shows how hurricane Ike damaged many constuctions; even skyscrapers.

Great Black and white photographers, PART 2

Arnold Newman( 3 March 1918, New York--6 June 2006,New York), was an American photgrapher, noted for his "environmental portraits"of artists and politicians.

 He was also known for his carefully composed abstract still life images.

Newman graduated high school in Miami Beach and attended the Univesity of Miami studying painting and drawing with an introduction to Modernism.

Here are some exemples of his portraits:

The Camera

• Parallax:  is an apparent displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight, and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between those two lines
•  Pentaprism:  a five-sided reflecting prism used to deviate a beam of light by 90°. The beam reflects inside the prism twice,^[1] allowing the transmission of an image through a right angle without inverting it (that is, without changing the image's handedness) as an ordinary right-angle prism or mirror would
• Pellicle mirror:  pellicle mirror (diminutive of "pellis" - skin or film) is an ultra-thin, ultra-lightweight semi-transparent mirror employed in the light path of an optical instrument, splitting the light beam into two separate beams, both of reduced light intensity. Splitting the beam enables its use for multiple purposes simultaneously, while the thinness of the film greatly reduces reflections commonly associated with glass beam splitters.
• SLR camera: a camera that typically uses a semi-automatic moving mirror system that permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging system (after a very small delay), as opposed to pre-SLR cameras where the view through the viewfinder could be significantly different from what was captured on film. (The Canon Pellix film camera was an exception wherein the mirror was a fixed beamsplitting pellicle.)
• Aperture: Aperture is a photo editing and management software program that was developed by Apple for the Mac OS X operating system.The software handles a number of tasks common in post-production work such as importing and organizing image files, applying corrective adjustments, displaying slideshows, and printing photographs.
• Shutter: a shutter is a device that allows light to pass for a determined period of time, for the purpose of exposing photographic film or a light-sensitive electronic sensor to light to capture a permanent image of a scene. A shutter can also be used to allow pulses of light to pass outwards, as in a movie projector or signal lamp.
• Exposure: In photography, exposure is the total amount of light allowed to fall on the photographic medium (photographic film or image sensor) during the process of taking a photograph
• Depth of the field: the depth of field (DOF) is the portion of a scene that appears acceptably sharp in the image
• F-stop:  the diameter of the entrance pupil in terms of the focal length of the lens

• Focal lenght: measure of how strongly the system converges (focuses) or diverges (defocuses) light.

Advanced photo composition

• rule of thirds

• Balance
• Leading lines
• Symmetry
• Viewpoint
• Background
• Sense of depth
• Framing
• Cropping

Pinhole camera

• I picked this photo because represent a boat tied to the dock.I love seaside and this photo reminds me of great times
• the rope is out focus and the boat is in focus
• 
  

master photographer

Pinhole Finale

The process that turned the negative picture into a positive picture
shows two differences between them:

• in the negative the trees are in the left side, now,in the positive the trees are on the left side.
• the black parts in the negative, turn white in the positive picture,and the white parts in the negative, turn black in the positive

Photography . noting an image in which the brightness values of the subject are reproduced so that the lightest areas are shown as the darkest.

A negative image is a total inversion of a positive image, in which light areas appear dark and vice versa.

 

 

avoiding mergers

 

the man cut in half puts our attention on the twin towers terrorist attack

framing

 

the bridge gives my photo a feeling of depth, the center of interest is in the foreground

balance

  

in these picture there are many geometric figures (triangles for the houses,rectangle for the flag..) that contribute to have a great balance

the rule of thirds

 

the subject of this picture is not in the center but in the right-inside